Maritime piracy along Malacca straits 800-1830 Research Paper

Maritime piracy along Malacca straits 800-1830 - Research Paper Example Privateering under the Dutch was initially started in the 1600s as a weapon of war in the Malay Peninsula against the Iberian army which was perceived to be threatening the Dutch’s strategic frontlines and may potentially cripple the Dutch’s trade in the region. Privateering was considered legitimate according to the laws of war at that time since privateers operate with company licenses or a letter from a marque stating privateers can only attack and seize enemy ships. This paper investigates how the Dutch, other European countries and native Sultans employed privateering as a legitimate operation in war. Therefore, privateering activities along the Malay Peninsula in the 19th century, was instrumental in the development of piracy activities, mainly motivated by trade activities between the Europe and the Asian, and which were responsible for promoting piracy activities along he Malay Peninsula. This paper also investigates the effects of piracy activities on both the Europeans and natives, and how both parties viewed such piracy activities which are often in contrary to each other, resulting in tensions between them. Privateering is a concept closely linked to just war, and was designed to work from a legal perspective in the high seas.4 Since the 17th century, Europeans had made their way in the Malaysian Peninsula and developed sets of rules that explained how, and under which conditions such privateering activities were to be carried out; the Dutch were the main European powers behind privateering. To ensure adherence to legal limits, privateers had only to operate under a letter of marque and reprisal, which was only issued if such groups showed evidence of loss suffered as a result of their enemies.5 These groups were therefore allowed to seize such enemy vessels along the peninsula, and covert such goods as a ransom for

Station Nightclub fire Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Station Nightclub fire - Research Paper Example The building that constitutes the Station Nightclub was conceived in 1949 when it comprised a restaurant, a tavern and a nightclub. Back in 1972, a fire hit the building due to which it was kept closed until 1974. In 1974, it was re-opened as a restaurant however it saw an ownership change in 1985 when it was again re-opened as a pub. The interiors and the roofs were made out of wood and the pub was divided into a bar and a club. The wall at the western side of the club constituted a raised platform which was used by the bands to perform. The walls as well as the platform were insulated with polyurethane foam to control the volume of the music. There were four exits in the room, out of which only one of them was used by the crowd to regress. This was the main front door of the club. Fire alarms and heat detectors were also present but there was no mechanism to sync them with any nearby fire station. (Duval 2006). There were many other incidents similar to the station nightclub fire that took place prior to this one. Rhythm Club fire 1940, Coconut Groove Boston 1942 and Beverley Hills Supper Club South Gate 1977 are the three major nightclub fires that had occurred during the century (Duval 2006). These accidents paved way for different codes that were designed for the safety of people. The paper will aim at analyzing the affectivity of these codes at the same time discussing the extent to which these codes were followed in the construction of this night club. Furthermore, the new codes were conceived as a result of this incident that took away the lives of many people. Moreover, different suggestions and recommendations will be proposed by the end of the paper. A timeline of the events has been specified by the NIST investigation department, according to which the band took its place and lights were dimmed 11:07 PM that night. Soon after that, four pyrotechnics present at the stage

Activities in Preparing a New Venture Business Plan Assignment

Activities in Preparing a New Venture Business Plan - Assignment Example The group followed the model of Tuckman’s group development model precisely in the forming stage, where individual tasks maintained the most discussion and all team members were motivated and focused on maintaining good behavior to build acceptance in the group (Tuckman 1965). Group dynamics, overall, were quite positive. Each team member maintained a clear focus on individual tasks and worked cooperatively to produce a high-quality project output. Over the development of the project, group members became accustomed to diverse methods by which each team member performed their tasks and embraced these differences effectively. Whilst there was some level of the challenge during the initial formation of the group (which will be discussed in detail), the team functioned well once individual personalities and attitudes were respected and esteemed. The group followed the model of Tuckman’s group development model precisely in the forming stage, where individual tasks maintain ed the most discussion and all team members were motivated and focused on maintaining good behavior to build acceptance in the group (Tuckman 1965). Group dynamics, overall, were quite positive. Each team member maintained a clear focus on individual tasks and worked cooperatively to produce a high-quality project output. Over the development of the project, group members became accustomed to diverse methods by which each team member performed their tasks and embraced these differences effectively. Whilst there was some level of the challenge during the initial formation of the group (which will be discussed in detail), the team functioned well once individual personalities and attitudes were respected and esteemed. The group met regularly, however, the timeline for these meetings was disparate and dependent on the task deadlines assigned to each team member. If tasks had a three-day deadline, a meeting was scheduled on day four to coordinate all individual work, discuss its relevan ce and quality, and then incorporate it (as a collaborative group) into the final project. Conflicts and challenges The group appeared to follow the linear path in group development, in which conflict began to emerge in the storming stage. Whilst Connors and Caple (2005) suggest that not all groups follow the linear stages precisely, this group appeared to justify Tuckman’s model. It is in the storming stage where hostilities manifest. In one particular instance, two team members felt that the group was not achieving individual task deadlines proficiently and began overly-assertive efforts to try to reallocate tasks to be completed collectively rather than individually. For example, the individual assigned the marketing and promotion task had created initial advertising mock-ups that were not considered relevant to the market segment characteristics the group had collectively agreed upon.     

Research Paper Outline Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Research Paper Outline - Assignment Example Groves (2010) argues that schools that do not have a policy for dressing usually have problems in the sense that students tend to put on all manner of clothing, some of which border on indecency and controversy. Some clothes worn by students to schools conflict the school policies in terms of dressing code and ethical standards. In this regard, means that the school administrators have a hard time trying to ensure that all students dress appropriately while in school. It implies that much of the precious time that would have been used on instructional leadership is spent on attending to and solving dressing issues. According to (Mathison & Ross, 2008).  Some of the clothing-related conflicts arise from difference in socio-economic status of students that determine the brands of clothes that they wear. Allowing school uniforms to be mandated for public school systems will minimize the wear of baggy clothing that can be used to hide weapons.  Additionally, uniforms eliminate the wear of â€Å"gang related colors† which can lead to becoming and unknown target of opportunity.   Baron (2013) gives a classic example of the student who wore baggy clothing unleashing more than ten guns that he had hid in his clothes. In the age of school violence, especially in America, school administrators should not allow baggy clothes and oversized shorts in the school compounds. The boy hid ten kinds of different ammunitions in his oversized shorts and perhaps the trend is even more serious in other schools without the uniform policy. While the supporters of school uniforms agree that schools uniforms significantly reduce incidences of violence and crime in public schools, some parents and students see this policy as an infringement to personal freedom (Alexander & Alexander, 2012).  They argue that the uniform policy where all students must be clad in navy pants or skirts and white shirts is

What science is Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What science is - Essay Example Science is not rigidly hierarchical or absolute, and McComas argues that the word hypothesis should be changed to the more accurate word prediction. I could begin to define the nature of science by saying it is a way of knowing (a process of observing the world), and add that scientific knowledge changes over time, is based on theories, and involves individual human imagination and creativity (Lederman 1998). Science is based on observations of the natural world which lead to generally proven theories. Although our understanding of the natural world can change, we should arrive at conclusions using the scientific method: proposing hypotheses and proving or disproving them by experiments. There are no permanent conditions, because experiments sometimes lead to changes in the hypothesis, and no single set of assumptions works across all the sciences. Formulating and testing scientific ideas to come up with new knowledge demands diligent collection of data and multiple experiments. Scientists ask questions, and knowledge gathered during the inquiry adds to society’s knowledge bank. The learning experience itself becomes an imperative, just as important as solving the problem. There are always elements of uncertainty in scientific inquiry, but the knowledge derived from it is relatively reliable (Nickels, Nelson, and Beard 1996). As scientists examine the information placed before them, with a particular question in mind and armed with the tools of scientific inquiry, they must always remember that research could disprove their theories. They must remain as objective as possible. They begin with questions, but should proceed to answer the questions using reliable methods: accurate and thorough data collection and multiple experiments. Alters and Nelson (2002) also present a view of how science is taught and realize some shortcomings in the teaching of science. High school biology is often the

Activities in Preparing a New Venture Business Plan Assignment

Activities in Preparing a New Venture Business Plan - Assignment Example The group followed the model of Tuckman’s group development model precisely in the forming stage, where individual tasks maintained the most discussion and all team members were motivated and focused on maintaining good behavior to build acceptance in the group (Tuckman 1965). Group dynamics, overall, were quite positive. Each team member maintained a clear focus on individual tasks and worked cooperatively to produce a high-quality project output. Over the development of the project, group members became accustomed to diverse methods by which each team member performed their tasks and embraced these differences effectively. Whilst there was some level of the challenge during the initial formation of the group (which will be discussed in detail), the team functioned well once individual personalities and attitudes were respected and esteemed. The group followed the model of Tuckman’s group development model precisely in the forming stage, where individual tasks maintain ed the most discussion and all team members were motivated and focused on maintaining good behavior to build acceptance in the group (Tuckman 1965). Group dynamics, overall, were quite positive. Each team member maintained a clear focus on individual tasks and worked cooperatively to produce a high-quality project output. Over the development of the project, group members became accustomed to diverse methods by which each team member performed their tasks and embraced these differences effectively. Whilst there was some level of the challenge during the initial formation of the group (which will be discussed in detail), the team functioned well once individual personalities and attitudes were respected and esteemed. The group met regularly, however, the timeline for these meetings was disparate and dependent on the task deadlines assigned to each team member. If tasks had a three-day deadline, a meeting was scheduled on day four to coordinate all individual work, discuss its relevan ce and quality, and then incorporate it (as a collaborative group) into the final project. Conflicts and challenges The group appeared to follow the linear path in group development, in which conflict began to emerge in the storming stage. Whilst Connors and Caple (2005) suggest that not all groups follow the linear stages precisely, this group appeared to justify Tuckman’s model. It is in the storming stage where hostilities manifest. In one particular instance, two team members felt that the group was not achieving individual task deadlines proficiently and began overly-assertive efforts to try to reallocate tasks to be completed collectively rather than individually. For example, the individual assigned the marketing and promotion task had created initial advertising mock-ups that were not considered relevant to the market segment characteristics the group had collectively agreed upon.     

What science is Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What science is - Essay Example Science is not rigidly hierarchical or absolute, and McComas argues that the word hypothesis should be changed to the more accurate word prediction. I could begin to define the nature of science by saying it is a way of knowing (a process of observing the world), and add that scientific knowledge changes over time, is based on theories, and involves individual human imagination and creativity (Lederman 1998). Science is based on observations of the natural world which lead to generally proven theories. Although our understanding of the natural world can change, we should arrive at conclusions using the scientific method: proposing hypotheses and proving or disproving them by experiments. There are no permanent conditions, because experiments sometimes lead to changes in the hypothesis, and no single set of assumptions works across all the sciences. Formulating and testing scientific ideas to come up with new knowledge demands diligent collection of data and multiple experiments. Scientists ask questions, and knowledge gathered during the inquiry adds to society’s knowledge bank. The learning experience itself becomes an imperative, just as important as solving the problem. There are always elements of uncertainty in scientific inquiry, but the knowledge derived from it is relatively reliable (Nickels, Nelson, and Beard 1996). As scientists examine the information placed before them, with a particular question in mind and armed with the tools of scientific inquiry, they must always remember that research could disprove their theories. They must remain as objective as possible. They begin with questions, but should proceed to answer the questions using reliable methods: accurate and thorough data collection and multiple experiments. Alters and Nelson (2002) also present a view of how science is taught and realize some shortcomings in the teaching of science. High school biology is often the